| Acknowledgments |
| Using This Book |
| 1. |
THE TEACHER, THE STUDENT, THE SCHOOL |
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Beginnings |
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Teacher, Student, School: The Dance of the Three |
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The Teacher/Learner |
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The Student/Learner |
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The School |
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References |
| 2. |
WHAT IT TAKES TO BE A TEACHER |
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From Expert Learner to Novice Teacher |
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What a Teacher Needs to Do |
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Beginning Your Life in the Classroom |
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The Politics of School |
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Discipline |
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Classroom Environment, Room Arrangement, Creature Comforts, Food |
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A Few Other Things: Getting Started, Openings, Voice, Body, Touch, Dress |
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Teaching as Failing |
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References |
| 3. |
PLANNING FOR YOUR TEACHING |
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Five Models of Teaching |
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Teaching Their Eyes Were Watching God and the Five Models |
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It Didn’t Work |
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Creating Activities |
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"Central School": From Poem to Plan to Class |
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The House on Mango Street: From Chapter to Plan to Class |
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A Brief Word on Creating Tests and Test Items |
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The Place of Standards in Your Planning |
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A Final Caution About Planning |
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References |
| 4. |
THOSE WHO WE TEACH |
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No One Ever Said It Was Going to Be Easy |
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The Tough Times of Teaching: Apathy and Violence |
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Two Researchers on Students: William Glasser and Linda McNeil |
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The Alienated Student: Not Always Who You Think |
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Three Students: Marianna, Antoine, and Marc |
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One Teacher’s Strategy for Dealing with Alienated Students: "Big Bucks" |
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The Average Student: Caught in the Middle |
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The Gifted Student: Burdens and Responsibilities |
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The Delicate Contract with Students |
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Two Students: Tanya and Barry |
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References |
| 5. |
THE WORLD OF LITERATURE: TEACHING AND SELECTING |
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The Fear of Not Knowing Enough |
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Literature: The Heart of Language Arts |
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Schools of Literary Criticism: Why You Should Care |
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The Four Schools: What to Do? |
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Transactional Theory/Reader Response |
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Organizing Literature |
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Looking at Fiction: Novels and Short Stories |
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The Lure of Nonfiction: Literary and Informational |
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Teaching and Selecting Poetry |
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The Power of Drama |
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Using Shakespeare |
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Building Bridges to Adult Reading: The Place of Young Adult Literature |
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New Kid on the Block: The Graphic Novel |
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The Specter of Censorship |
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Using Literature: Some Teaching Tips |
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A Final Note on Choosing Literature |
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A Story: Thurman and Architectural Digest |
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References |
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Resources |
| 6. |
WORDS, WORDS, WORDS |
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It Ain’t Necessarily So: The English Language Arts Teacher as Language Expert |
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Prescriptive Versus Descriptive: The World of Linguistics |
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Spelling and Vocabulary |
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The Five Grammars |
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So What Do We Do About Teaching Grammar? |
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English Language Learners |
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Language Play/Language Games |
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Sentence Combining |
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Students’ Right to Their Own Language |
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The Language of Hate |
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The Glory of Language |
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References |
| 7. |
WRITING AND REWRITING |
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Fifth Period, Wednesday Afternoon |
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A Traditional Model of Teaching Writing |
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A New Model of Teaching Writing |
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When Students Have a Choice: Getting Writing Ideas |
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When Students Have No Choice: Writing on Demand |
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Writing Groups: Questions, Answers, and Reasons |
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Conferencing with Students |
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The Place of Correctness and Grammar in Its Place |
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Now They’ve Written It–What Do You Do with It? |
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Creating and Using Rubrics |
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Using a Writing Portfolio |
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The Wonderful and Varied Journal |
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The Research Paper |
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What We Are About as Teachers of Writing |
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References |
| 8. |
THE CRAFT OF QUESTIONING |
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The Power of Talk |
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Questions That Teachers Ask |
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The Questioning Circle |
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Beyond Hierarchies: Questions You Don’t Want to Ask |
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Questioning Behaviors |
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When Questions Don’t Work |
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Questions That Students Ask |
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References |
| 9. |
MEDIA LITERACY |
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Issues in Media Literacy |
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Computers |
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The Internet |
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Television |
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Film |
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The Popular Culture and Media Literacy |
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References |
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Resources |
| 10. |
A QUESTION OF ETHICS |
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English Class as Ethics Arena? |
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Ethical Issues for the Classroom Teacher |
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Breaking the Rules |
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Being and Becoming an Ethical Teacher |
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References |
| 11. |
TEACHING TODAY |
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Things Have Changed/Things Have Stayed the Same |
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Four Contemporary Challenges |
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Staying in the Classroom |
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The End of the Lifetime Teacher? |
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Making the Journey |
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References |
| Index |